Fasting and Chronic Conditions: A Guide to Safe Practices During Lent

By: Gabor Szendrei and Rocio M. Garcia

Lent is a time when many people choose to fast or give up certain foods as part of their spiritual practice. But if you have a chronic health condition—like diabetes, high blood pressure, or kidney disease—you may be wondering if fasting is safe for you. The good news is with the right plan, you can still participate while prioritizing your health.

Rocio M. Garcia, a dietitian at Jackson Memorial Medical Center, gives expert advice on how to fast safely when you have a medical condition.

Talk to Your Doctor First

Before you start fasting, it’s important to check with your doctor. They can help you understand how fasting might affect your condition and if you need to adjust your medications, meal timing, or food choices.

Stay Hydrated

Drinking enough water is key—especially if you have conditions like kidney disease or high blood pressure. Dehydration can make symptoms worse, so be sure to drink plenty of water when you’re fasting.

If you drink coffee, hydration becomes even more important. Coffee acts as a diuretic, meaning it causes your body to lose fluids. Too much caffeine from coffee can also lead to dehydration, headaches, or acid reflux.

Choose Nutrient-Rich Foods

When you do eat, focus on foods that give your body the nutrients it needs. Whole grains, lean proteins, healthy fats, and plenty of fruits and vegetables can help keep your energy up and prevent blood sugar spikes.

Modify Your Fast, If Needed

Fasting doesn’t have to mean skipping all food or drinks. Many religious traditions allow for modified fasts, like eating smaller portions or skipping only certain foods. If your condition makes full fasting unsafe, talk to your faith leader about alternative ways to observe Lent.

Watch for Warning Signs

If you start feeling dizzy, weak, tired, or have symptoms like a headache or confusion, it’s important to break your fast and eat something. This is especially true for people with diabetes, as low blood sugar can be dangerous.

The Bottom Line

Fasting can be a meaningful part of Lent, but your health should always come first. With careful planning and the right support, you can honor your faith while keeping your body safe.